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The Civil War also accelerated technological advancements within the industry. Manufacturers needed to produce tin plates quickly and efficiently, leading them to adopt new techniques and machinery. For example, the rolling process was refined to produce thinner and more uniform sheets of tin, which could be used for various applications. These innovations not only improved the efficiency of local mills but also laid the groundwork for the future growth of the tin plate industry post-war.
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where \( Re \) is the Reynolds number. However, as the flow transitions to a turbulent regime, the calculation becomes more complex. The turbulent flow friction factor is determined using empirical correlations, such as the Colebrook-White equation, which accounts for both the Reynolds number and the relative roughness of the pipe.
friction factor of galvanized iron pipe factory
