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where \( Re \) is the Reynolds number. However, as the flow transitions to a turbulent regime, the calculation becomes more complex. The turbulent flow friction factor is determined using empirical correlations, such as the Colebrook-White equation, which accounts for both the Reynolds number and the relative roughness of the pipe.
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Accurate calculations of the friction factor are crucial for various reasons. First and foremost, a correct estimation leads to efficient system design, ensuring that pumps are adequately sized to overcome pressure losses. Underestimating the friction factor may lead to inadequate pumping capacity, causing reduced fluid flow rates and potential disruptions in industrial processes.
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