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One of the primary functions of a cap sheet is to act as a protective layer against moisture. The layer is designed to withstand reasons for weather-related wear and tear, such as rain, snow, and ice. It also plays a critical role in protecting the underlying insulation. Insulation is vital for maintaining energy efficiency, and keeping it dry is essential for its efficacy. Water infiltration can compromise insulation materials, leading to increased energy expenses and potential system failure.
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where \( Re \) is the Reynolds number. However, as the flow transitions to a turbulent regime, the calculation becomes more complex. The turbulent flow friction factor is determined using empirical correlations, such as the Colebrook-White equation, which accounts for both the Reynolds number and the relative roughness of the pipe.
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