E920 is a naturally occurring amino acid—specifically L-cysteine—that is vital for numerous biological processes. In the food industry, it is primarily utilized as a dough conditioner, which helps to improve the texture and rise of baked goods. It serves as a reducing agent in bread making, allowing for better fermentation and overall dough performance. E920 can be derived from various sources, including human hair, feathers, and even some animal products, raising ethical concerns, particularly about its use in vegetarian and vegan products.
