Photovoltaic cells are primarily made from semiconductor materials, such as silicon, which are capable of absorbing photons from sunlight. When light strikes the semiconductor, it energizes electrons, allowing them to flow freely and generate electricity. This process can take place in both monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar panels, each offering distinct advantages. Monocrystalline cells, made from a single crystal structure, tend to be more efficient and space-saving, whereas polycrystalline cells are typically cheaper and easier to produce, albeit slightly less efficient.
