Get ready for what may soon become the newest example of the inconsistency of the “worker‐​centered” trade policy of the administration of President Joe Biden: tariffs on imports of tinplate steel, the steel sheets covered by a thin layer of tin that are used to make the cans that package many of the staples for families of American workers, especially the poorer among them.Canned soup. Canned tomatoes. Canned corn. Canned baby food. The prices of these and numerous other basics of daily sustenance for millions of Americans may be about to increase significantly.The current consideration of these tariffs was not initiated by the Biden administration, but it will become a test of the much‐​ballyhooed “worker‐​centeredness” of the president’s trade policy. Cleveland‐​Cliffs, an Ohio company that mills tinplate steel, and an allied union, have filed a petition claiming that they are facing unfair competition from cheaper foreign imports. In response, President Biden’s appointees in the Commerce Department and the quasi‐​judicial International Trade Commission are considering tariffs of nearly 300 percent on imported tinplate steel from eight countries — the United Kingdom, Canada, South Korea, Taiwan, Turkey, Germany, the Netherlands, and China.In the petition, countervailing duties to alleged subsidies are sought on imports from China. Anti‐​dumping duties are sought on imports from the other seven countries. Under U.S. law, the Commerce Department will impose countervailing or anti‐​dumping duties on a product when it determines imports of it are being subsidized and/​or dumped, and if the ITC determines that the domestic industry is materially injured or threatened with such injury because of imports of that product.

ARLINGTON, Va. – The Consumer Brands Association released two studies in partnership with Trade Partnership Worldwide, LLC and The Juday Group demonstrating the adverse effects that would result from implementing proposed tariffs of up to 300% on tinplate steel imports. The tariffs would threaten nearly 40,000 union and non-union manufacturing jobs and increase the cost of canned foods and products by up to 30%.The economic impact studies bolster Consumer Brands’ efforts to urge the Department of Commerce and International Trade Commission (ITC) to deny a petition submitted by steel conglomerate Cleveland-Cliffs to impose tariffs of up to 300% on imported tinplate steel from eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, the Netherlands, South Korea, Taiwan, Turkey, UK). Because tinplate is used in hundreds of canned goods – everything from soup to shaving cream – imposing the requested tariffs would raise production costs for U.S. can manufacturers and trigger price hikes for every consumer, as supported by the research.“Cleveland-Cliffs is abusing trade laws and attempting to artificially inflate prices to increase its profits at the expense of grocery shoppers,” said David Chavern, president and CEO of Consumer Brands.“The Department of Commerce and ITC need to thoroughly review the facts of the case, including these two economic impact studies, and issue a decision that doesn’t prop up one company at the expense of an entire domestic industry and the consumers that rely on these essential products.”

Since the 1940s, tin is applied to the steel sheets electrolytically. Before that, tin was applied through hot dipping. Tinplate production is the major use of tin and uses 30% of all tin produced. By 2018, 30% of all tin production was from recycled sources.Electrolysis has the advantage of achieving thin tin coatings and controlling the thickness of coating. This is important as coating thickness can vary on the two sides of the steel sheet to produce ‘differential coated tinplate’. Modern tinplate has tin coatings that are only 0.1 to 1.5 microns thick.

Tin plate is produced from black plated steel that has been coated with tin on both sides by electrodeposition. While tin plate has long been used by the packaging industry for cans and closures, it is also commonly used in the production of deep-drawn oil filter shells, metal hose, paint trays and more.Tin plate is valued for its corrosion resistance, solderability and weldability, as well as for its attractive metallic luster.

Today’s  tinplate trade covers both the manufacture of tinplate from steel and the conversion of this into metal packaging, widely used for food and beverage cans and other products. Tin coating on thinly rolled sheet steel provides resistance to corrosion. It is used both to protect food, beverage or other products contained in the package (the ‘can’ or ‘tin’) and to  resist external factors such as heat processing steam/water systems. A polymer coating is sometimes added on the inside surface, to prevent chemical action and the possible transfer of taint between metal and product.

Tinning or tinplating is the process of thinly coating sheet or strip of steel with tin (Sn), and the resulting product is known as tinplate. Tinplate is light gauge, cold-reduced low-carbon steel sheet or strip, coated on both faces with commercially pure tin. It combines the strength and formability of steel and the corrosion resistance, solderability and good appearance of tin. Within this broad description, there exists today an extremely wide range of tinplate products, tailor-made to meet particular end-use requirements.

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